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\u0130stanbul\u2019da Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden ge\u00e7enlerden tam 85 y\u0131l boyunca al\u0131nan, bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde 5 paradan 1 kuru\u015fa y\u00fckselen k\u00f6pr\u00fc ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccreti ! M\u00fcruriye ! 1 Haziran 1930 g\u00fcn\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman halk bayram sevinci ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kabal\u0131k ve hoyratl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan\u00a0\u00a0 tahsildarlar\u0131n maziye kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 halk k\u00f6pr\u00fcde toplanarak kutlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u201c \u0130stanbullulara ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsun !\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201c Bu da tarih oldu ! \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
O sabah \u0130stanbullular, uyku mahmurlu\u011fu i\u00e7inde kimi gazetelerin birinci sayfalar\u0131nda okuduklar\u0131 bu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce merakland\u0131lar. Bilmece gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klard\u0131 bunlar… Ne oluyordu ? Kim, neden kurtulmu\u015ftu ? Ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsun dile\u011fi neden yap\u0131l\u0131yordu ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
O tarihlerde \u2013 1930\u2019larda \u2013 bile \u0130stanbul\u2019un sorunlar\u0131 bir hayli fazla oldu\u011fundan bir tahminde bulunmak g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fc. Ama bilmece, bulmaca \u00e7\u00f6zmeyi sevenler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden yapamad\u0131lar. Ortada \u00f6nemli bir olay vard\u0131 ama neydi acaba ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u0131\u015f ortalar\u0131nda bile \u015fehri susuz b\u0131rakan , bu y\u00fczden s\u0131k s\u0131k protesto edilen Terkos \u015eirketi\u2019nin mukavelesi mi feshedilmi\u015fti ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yoksa, mikrop dolu ka\u00e7ak s\u00fct sat\u0131p halk\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye sokan \u015febekenin elemanlar\u0131 m\u0131 yakalanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ? Ya da kesip, \u015fi\u015firdikleri tavuklar\u0131 hindi niyetine hem de Beyo\u011flu\u2019nda satmaya kalk\u0131\u015fanlar m\u0131 elege\u00e7irilmi\u015fti?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ara\u00e7lar\u0131na d\u00f6rder ki\u015fi alarak, taksimetrenin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fccreti d\u00f6rde b\u00f6l\u00fcp tahsil eden \u2013 Daha sonra bu ta\u015f\u0131ma sistemine baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklerle dolmu\u015f ad\u0131 verilecekti \u2013 taksi \u015fof\u00f6rleriyle otob\u00fcs ve tramvay \u015firketleri aras\u0131nda bu y\u00fczden \u00e7\u0131kan tart\u0131\u015fma ve kavgalar mutlu bir \u015fekilde mi sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130stanbul\u2019un o g\u00fcnlerdeki g\u00fcndemini \u00f6zetleyen bu tahminlerden sonra haberi okuyanlar tahminlerinin hi\u00e7birisinin tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6rmelerine ra\u011fmen \u00fcz\u00fclmediler, aksine k\u0131sa bir \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k d\u00f6neminden sonra sevindiler de …<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015ea\u015f\u0131rmakta ve sevinmekte de haks\u0131z say\u0131lmazlard\u0131. \u0130stanbul k\u00f6pr\u00fclerinden tam 85 y\u0131ld\u0131r al\u0131nmakta olan m\u00fcruriye (ge\u00e7i\u015f) \u00fccreti 31 May\u0131s 1930\u2019u 1 Haziran\u2019a ba\u011flayan gecenin ilk dakikas\u0131nda kald\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yayalar k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ellerini, kollar\u0131n\u0131 sallayarak rahat\u00e7a ge\u00e7ebileceklerdi. Mururiyeci ya da tahsildar ad\u0131 verilen ki\u015filerin yol kesmesine , markaj\u0131na , para vermekte geciken ki\u015filerin yakas\u0131na yap\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na, \u201c Kokona \u201c \u201c Babal\u0131k \u201c \u015feklindeki hitaplar\u0131na maruz kalmadan k\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc katedeceklerdi. K\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fcler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden vapuru ka\u00e7\u0131rma endi\u015fesi ortadan kalkacakt\u0131. \u00d6zetlemek gerekirse gazetelerin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi\u00a0 bu \u201c Medeni bir devrimdi \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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M\u00fcruriye\u2019nin tarihi ile K\u00f6pr\u00fclerin tarihi birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan ikisini bir arada incelemek gerekir. \u0130stanbul ilk k\u00f6pr\u00fcye ancak 1836 y\u0131l\u0131nda kavu\u015fmu\u015ftu. Bat\u0131ya d\u00f6n\u00fck reformlar\u0131yla tan\u0131nan Sultan II. Mahmut zaman\u0131nda halk\u0131n da israr\u0131yla Hali\u00e7\u2019te ilk k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Planlar\u0131n\u0131 Kaptan-\u0131 Derya Vekili Ahmet Fevzi Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7izdi\u011fi bu k\u00f6pr\u00fc, sallar\u0131n birbirine ba\u011flanmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti. K\u00f6pr\u00fc yanyana iki araba ile iki y\u00fckl\u00fc beygirin rahat\u00e7a ge\u00e7ebilmesine olanak verecek geni\u015flikteydi. K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131ndan gemilerin ge\u00e7ebilmesi i\u00e7in iki b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6z yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bizzat II. Mahmut taraf\u0131ndan hizmete a\u00e7\u0131lan k\u00f6pr\u00fcden padi\u015fah\u0131n emriyle ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccreti al\u0131nm\u0131yordu. Bu nedenle k\u00f6pr\u00fcye \u201c Hayratiye \u201c ad\u0131 verildi. Ancak bu isim, 1864 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn bak\u0131m ve onar\u0131m giderlerini kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla arabalardan ve hayvanlardan ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccreti al\u0131nmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine halk aras\u0131nda yerini \u201c Mahmudiye \u201c ismine b\u0131rakacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sultan Mahmut\u2019un \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra tahta \u00e7\u0131kan Sultan Abd\u00fclmecit, Topkap\u0131 Saray\u0131 yerine Y\u0131ld\u0131z ve Dolmabah\u00e7e Saraylar\u0131nda oturmay\u0131 tercih etti\u011finden k\u00f6pr\u00fc trafi\u011fi artm\u0131\u015f, g\u00fcnden g\u00fcne eskiyen Hali\u00e7 K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc de ihtiyac\u0131\u00a0 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yamaz olmu\u015ftu. Taht saray\u0131n\u0131, yani Topkap\u0131y\u0131 bu saraylara yakla\u015ft\u0131rmak isteyen Sultan Abd\u00fclmecit bu ama\u00e7la Emin\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019yle Karak\u00f6y aras\u0131na bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 emretti. Ancak hazinede bu in\u015faat i\u00e7in para yoktu. Buna ra\u011fmen Sultan Abd\u00fclmecit karar\u0131nda direndi ve \u015fehirdeki t\u00fcccar ve sarraflara ba\u015fvurarak onlardan bor\u00e7 almak suretiyle \u2013 Borca kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k olarak k\u00f6pr\u00fcden al\u0131nacak\u00a0 m\u00fcruriye g\u00f6sterilmi\u015fti \u2013 in\u015faat i\u00e7in gerekli paray\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131. 22 Kas\u0131m 1845 g\u00fcn\u00fc hizmete giren bu k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ilk \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda \u2013 25 Kas\u0131m 1845 \u2013 g\u00fcn\u00fc Bahriye Nezaretine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6revlendirilen \u201c Tahsildar \u201c ya da \u201cM\u00fcruriyeci\u201d ad\u0131 verilen ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccreti al\u0131nmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Bu ama\u00e7la belirlenen ilk ge\u00e7i\u015f tarifesine g\u00f6re piyadekesan\u2019lardan (yayalardan) 5 para al\u0131nacakt\u0131.Y\u00fckl\u00fc hamal 10 para \u00f6demek zorundayd\u0131. Beygirlerden ise bo\u015fsa 20 , y\u00fckl\u00fcyse 40 para al\u0131n\u0131yordu. Koyun, kuzu ve ke\u00e7inin herbirinden al\u0131nacak \u00fccret ise 3 parayd\u0131.Tarifeye g\u00f6re en y\u00fckl\u00fc \u00fccret at arabalar\u0131nda saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bo\u015f olan arabalar 100 , i\u00e7inde yolcu olan arabalar ise 200 para \u00f6deyecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131ndan muaf tutulan kesimde ilk s\u0131ray\u0131 milletvekilleri al\u0131yor, onlar\u0131 askerler, polis, jandarma, g\u00fcmr\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcler, postac\u0131lar ve 10 ya\u015f\u0131na kadar \u00e7ocuklar izliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu ilk tarife, ayn\u0131 zamandaki \u015fehirdeki ula\u015f\u0131m durumunu da ortaya koyan bir belge niteli\u011findeydi. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi kentte at arabalar\u0131 ve s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc beygirleri ad\u0131 verilen beygirler Beyo\u011flu\u2019nda ise \u201c Sedye\u201dlerle ula\u015f\u0131m sa\u011flamaktayd\u0131. Hen\u00fcz ne tramvay , ne otomobil, ne de otob\u00fcs vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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M\u00fcruriyeciler genelde tahsil durumuna bak\u0131lmadan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc,kuvvetli eski deyimle tuttu\u011funu koparan ki\u015filerden se\u00e7ilmi\u015fti. Kalabal\u0131k aras\u0131nda se\u00e7ilebilmeleri i\u00e7in beyaz bir elbise ya da \u00f6nl\u00fck giyer, bellerinde birer \u00e7anta ile k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn iki ba\u015f\u0131nda mevzilenirdi. Kimseye g\u00f6z a\u00e7t\u0131rmayan m\u00fcruriyeciler cebinde 5 paras\u0131 olmayan\u0131 kesinlikle k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7irmez,ko\u015farak ge\u00e7mek isteyeni izleyip yakas\u0131na yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r, kaba konu\u015fmalar\u0131yla , hatta k\u00fcf\u00fcrleriyle herkesi rahats\u0131z ederdi. Bu y\u00fczden \u00e7\u0131kan tart\u0131\u015fmalar kimi zaman kavgaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, daha sonra taraflar k\u00f6pr\u00fcba\u015f\u0131ndaki Aziziye Karakolu\u2019nda bar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tahsildarlar\u0131n bu tutumu d\u00f6nemin gazeteleri ve mizah dergilerinde ele\u015ftri ve bazan da alay konusu olmaktayd\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin Aydede Mizah Dergisi\u2019nin 2 \u015eubat 1922 tarihli say\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan bir yaz\u0131da \u015f\u00f6yle deniliyordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201c K\u00f6pr\u00fc tahsildarlar\u0131n\u0131n vazife s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u015funun, bunun yakalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekerken y\u0131rtmalar\u0131, \u015fikayetleri artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve \u015fehremanetinin dikkatini \u00e7ekmi\u015f, yap\u0131lan inceleme sonunda ancak Arif Zeki terzihanelerinde yap\u0131lan elbiselerden ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n , bu tahsildarlar\u0131n amans\u0131z ellerine mukavemet edemedikleri, binaenaleyh en sa\u011flam elbiselerin Arif Zeki terzihanesinin oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 AKBABA Dergisi de 31 Aral\u0131k 1923 tarihli say\u0131s\u0131nda tahsildarlar\u0131n hoyratl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu espriyle dile getirmi\u015fti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201c \u015eehrimize gelen Macaristan futbolcular\u0131ndan bir k\u0131sm\u0131 d\u00fcn K\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7erken bizim beyaz g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcsl\u00fckl\u00fc k\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fcleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnce kul\u00fcplerden birine mensup beyaz formal\u0131 oyuncular sanm\u0131\u015flar ve bunlara bir ma\u00e7 yapmay\u0131 teklif etmi\u015flerse de k\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fcler \u201c Siz bizim markaj (!) ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs \u00e7arpmam\u0131za tahamm\u00fcl edemezsiniz, Bizimle ba\u015fedemezsiniz, Vazge\u00e7in bu i\u015ften \u201c cevab\u0131n\u0131 alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yazar Ahmet Rasim, \u201c \u015eehir Mektuplar\u0131 \u201c adl\u0131 eserinde m\u00fcruriyecilerin bu tutumuna s\u0131k s\u0131k de\u011finerek ele\u015ftirmi\u015fti. Yazar, bu yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndan birinde \u015f\u00f6yle diyordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201c K\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fcler arada s\u0131rada yine azd\u0131r\u0131yorlar. Fakir olup da hatta verecek 10 paras\u0131 olmayan, hal ve k\u0131yafetinden m\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lan kad\u0131nlara uzun dilleriyle k\u00f6t\u00fc muamelede bulunuyorlar. Ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn siyahi bir kad\u0131na k\u00f6pr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u00f6yledi\u011fi s\u00f6z o derece ahlaka ayk\u0131r\u0131yd\u0131 ki insan s\u00f6ylemekten utan\u0131r. K\u00f6pr\u00fc, hay\u0131rl\u0131 i\u015flerden oldu\u011fundan paras\u0131 olan\u0131n vermesi gereklidir ama olmayanlardan h\u00fck\u00fcmet sadakas\u0131 olmak \u00fczere ald\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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M\u00fcruriye, Sultan Abd\u00fclaziz taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan ikinci Galata k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde de devam etmi\u015f, ancak tahsildarlar\u0131n yolsuzluk yapt\u0131klar\u0131 yolundaki \u015fikayetlerin Padi\u015faha aksettirilmesi \u00fczerine baz\u0131 tedbirler al\u0131n\u0131rken tarife de yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fti. Yeni tarifede yayalardan al\u0131nan \u00fccret de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemi\u015f, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckba\u015f hayvanlar\u0131n beherinden al\u0131nan \u00fccret 3 paradan 5 paraya, e\u015fya ta\u015f\u0131maya mahsus manda ve \u00f6k\u00fcz arabalar\u0131ndan al\u0131nan \u00fccret 10 kuru\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1875 y\u0131l\u0131nda George Wels ad\u0131nda bir \u0130ngilize yapt\u0131r\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u00f6pr\u00fc hizmete girdi\u011fi zaman yayalar\u0131n m\u00fcruriye \u00fccreti y\u00fczde y\u00fcz zamla 10 paraya y\u00fckseldi. Aradan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde vapurlar\u0131n\u00a0 da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131, vapurlar\u0131n iskelelerinin k\u00f6pr\u00fcde bulunmas\u0131 yaya trafi\u011fini artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015f bulunuyor, bu arada yolsuzluk iddialar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131 arkas\u0131 kesilmiyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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1909 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131nda gazetelerde yeralan bir haberde \u201c \u015eehir Meclisi taraf\u0131nda verilen bir kararla Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn iki cihetinde para toplayan memurlar\u0131n g\u00f6mleklerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131yor, bunun gerek\u00e7esi ise \u015f\u00f6yle izah ediliyordu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u201c K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn iki ba\u015f\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131 toplayan memurlar\u0131n g\u00f6mlekleri \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk kirlenmekte ve eskimektedir. Buna da sebep k\u00f6pr\u00fcde fayrap eden vapurlardan \u00e7\u0131kan daimi duman ve istir. Bu suretle \u00e7ok \u00e7abuk kirlenen ve s\u0131k s\u0131k y\u0131kanmas\u0131 icap eden g\u00f6mlekleri bir m\u00fcddet sonra p\u0131ll\u0131m p\u0131ll\u0131m sarkmaktad\u0131r. Bu kerre yeni diktirilen g\u00f6mleklerde eskisi gibi hi\u00e7bir cep bulunmayacakt\u0131r. Bu g\u00f6mleklerle suistimal \u2013 yolsuzluk \u2013 ihtimalleri de azalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Malum oldu\u011fu \u00fczere bug\u00fcn k\u00f6pr\u00fcye daha ilk ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 atar atmaz memurlar hemen avu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 uzatmaktad\u0131r. \u0130sterseniz vermeyiniz. Memur efendilerin hepsi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, kuvvetli kimseler… \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bahriye Nezaretinin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra k\u00f6pr\u00fcler \u015fehremanetine \u2013 belediyeye \u2013 devrediliyor, b\u00f6ylece \u015fehir hizmetleri i\u00e7in ek bir gelir sa\u011flan\u0131yordu. 31 May\u0131s 1918\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da meydana gelen b\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131nda evlerini yitirenlere yard\u0131m amac\u0131yla yaya ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccretleri bir kat\u0131 daha artt\u0131r\u0131larak 20 paraya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Uygulamaya ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden itibaren \u015fikayet konusu olan K\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunda II. Me\u015frutiyetin ilan\u0131ndan (1908 ) sonra baz\u0131 ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan giri\u015fimlerde bulunulmu\u015fsa da bir sonu\u00e7 al\u0131namam\u0131\u015f, ancak ilk fiili hareket 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde k\u00f6pr\u00fc tahsildarlar\u0131 nelere tan\u0131k olmam\u0131\u015flard\u0131 ki ? Koca bir \u015fehir halk\u0131 herg\u00fcn sel gibi \u00f6nlerinden ak\u0131p giderken, \u0130mparatorlu\u011fun ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe gitti\u011fine tan\u0131k olmu\u015flar, i\u015fgalin ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcm vatanseverler gibi y\u00fcreklerinde duymu\u015flar, Kurtulu\u015f sevincini, ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Sonra b\u00fcy\u00fck zaferle B\u00fcy\u00fck Devrim ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f, Cumhuriyetin ayd\u0131nl\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fc do\u011fmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dclke s\u00fcrekli bir de\u011fi\u015fim i\u00e7indeydi. Pe\u015fpe\u015fe yap\u0131lan devrimlerle fesleri \u00e7apk\u0131nca yana e\u011filmi\u015f, eli bastonlu kalem efendileri, \u00e7ar\u015fafl\u0131 yeldirmeli \u0130stanbul kad\u0131nlar\u0131 yerini modern giyimli insanlara b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015f,ta\u015f\u0131t evrimi de h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flanan ve halk aras\u0131nda \u00f6nceleri \u201c \u015feytan icad\u0131 \u201c olarak nitelenen otomobillerin say\u0131s\u0131 artm\u0131\u015f, kamyonet ve pikaplar, manda ve \u00f6k\u00fcz arabalar\u0131n\u0131n yerini alm\u0131\u015f, ilk kez 1914 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7en elektrikli tramvaylar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterisi bir hayli \u00e7o\u011falm\u0131\u015f, buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k m\u00fcruriyecilerin g\u00f6revlerinde ve tutumlar\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Hatta daha fazla yoruluyorlard\u0131, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u2018 anaforcu \u2018 ad\u0131n\u0131 verdikleri baz\u0131 ki\u015filer k\u00f6pr\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131nda tramvay\u0131n ge\u00e7i\u015fini bekliyor. Tam ge\u00e7erken atlay\u0131p parmakl\u0131klara as\u0131l\u0131yor, m\u00fcruriyeciye de onu arkadan kovalay\u0131p yakalamak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u015eehremaneti \u2013 Belediye \u2013 1926 y\u0131l\u0131nda bir komisyon olu\u015fturarak k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 konusunun etrafl\u0131ca ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi. Haz\u0131rlanan rapor ayn\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcld\u00fc. Rapor, k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla belediyenin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gelir kayb\u0131na u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor, bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 tavsiyesinde bulunuluyordu. Bu rapor \u00fczerine k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre daha beklenmesi karar\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131, ama zaml\u0131 yeni bir tarife haz\u0131rlanarak a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yeni \u2013 ve son \u2013 tarifeye g\u00f6re yayalardan 1 kuru\u015f, iki ki\u015filik otomobillerden \u2013 yolcu olsun olmas\u0131n \u2013 10 kuru\u015f, bo\u015f kamyonetten 15, dolusundan 20 kuru\u015f, otob\u00fcs ve omnib\u00fcs\u2019ten bo\u015fken 15, doluyken 20 kuru\u015f,motosikletten 5, bisikletten 2 kuru\u015f ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccreti al\u0131nacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yeni tarifede hayvanlar i\u00e7in de \u00fccretler yeralm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re koyun, kuzu, ke\u00e7i, taz\u0131 ve maymun i\u00e7in birer kuru\u015f, y\u00fcks\u00fcz develerden 7,5 y\u00fckl\u00fc develerden 15 kuru\u015f, Fil i\u00e7in 50 kuru\u015f, hindi ve kazlar i\u00e7in de her birinden 20 para al\u0131nacakt\u0131. Ta\u015f\u0131tla ge\u00e7enlerin m\u00fcruriyesi bilet \u00fccretine eklenecekti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u0130stanbul\u2019a gelen turistlerin bile \u015fa\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131 m\u00fcruriye \u00fccretinin \u00e7e\u015fitli gerek\u00e7eler \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerek bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 \u00fczerine o d\u00f6nemde \u0130stanbul Milletvekili olan S\u00fcreyya ( \u0130lmen ) Pa\u015fa, TBMM Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bir kanun teklifi sundu. S\u00fcreyya \u0130lmen teklifinde k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131 olan \u00f6zel bir yasa bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor, halk\u0131n belediyelerin g\u00f6revini yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli vergileri \u00f6dedi\u011fini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor ve \u201c H\u00fck\u00fcmeti Cumhuriyetimiz de \u015fehremanetinden k\u00f6pr\u00fclere ait hi\u00e7bir vergi talep etmemekte oldu\u011fundan \u0130stanbul\u2019da yar\u00fca\u011fyara ( Dosta, yabanc\u0131ya) kar\u015f\u0131 pek fena bir tesir icra eden ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir taraf\u0131nda mevcut olmayan bu m\u00fcstesna ve \u00e7irkin team\u00fcl\u00fcn ( eskiden beri yap\u0131lagelen ) ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir kan\u0131n ne\u015fri zaman\u0131 art\u0131k gelmi\u015ftir \u201c diyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
5 Aral\u0131k 1928 tarihinde verilen bu teklif, bilinmeyen bir nedenle iki y\u0131l bekletildikten sonra Bakanlar Kurulu taraf\u0131ndan kanun tasar\u0131s\u0131 olarak TBMM\u2019ye g\u00f6nderildi. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla belediyenin y\u0131lda u\u011frayaca\u011f\u0131 750 bin liral\u0131k gelir kayb\u0131n\u0131n biletlere yap\u0131lacak birer kuru\u015f zamla kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 konusunda anla\u015fmaya var\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yasa, meclisin 24 Nisan 1930 tarihli oturumunda kabul edildi., 3 May\u0131s 1930 tarihli Resmi Gazete\u2019de yay\u0131nland\u0131. Buna g\u00f6re k\u00f6pr\u00fclerden y\u00fcr\u00fcyerek ge\u00e7enlerden 31 May\u0131s\u0131 1 Hazirana ba\u011flayan gece saat 24.00\u2019ten itibaren m\u00fcruriye al\u0131nmayacak, herhangi bir ta\u015f\u0131tla ge\u00e7en ise zaml\u0131 bilet alacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131 tam tam\u0131na 84 y\u0131l, 11 ay 8 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc…. Bir Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc konulmu\u015ftu ve yine bir Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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Gazeteleri dikkatle izleyen \u0130stanbullular, 31 May\u0131s gecesi bir bayram sevinci i\u00e7inde k\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn iki yakas\u0131nda topland\u0131lar. Onlara, paras\u0131z ilk ge\u00e7i\u015fin mutlulu\u011funu ya\u015famak isteyen s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler de eklenince kalabal\u0131k b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc…Kalabal\u0131ktan kimi ki\u015filer k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7mek isteyenleri acele etmemesi i\u00e7in uyar\u0131yor \u201c Biraz beklersen paras\u0131z ge\u00e7ersin \u201c diyordu. Taksilerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu konvoy giderek b\u00fcy\u00fcrken son ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccretini \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131kap\u0131\u2019da kundurac\u0131l\u0131k yapmakta olan Nuri Bey \u00f6dedi. Nuri bey, \u00e7evredekilerin \u201c Bekle \u201c uyar\u0131s\u0131na ald\u0131r\u0131\u015f etmeden kuru\u015fu bast\u0131r\u0131p y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc gitti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Saatler geceyar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 24.01\u2019i g\u00f6sterirken tahsildarlar iki yana \u00e7ekildi. K\u00f6pr\u00fcn\u00fcn iki ba\u015f\u0131nda toplanan kalabal\u0131k, \u201c Hurra \u201c , \u201c Ya\u015fas\u0131n \u201c sesleri aras\u0131nda \u015fapkalar\u0131n\u0131 sallayarak ko\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Buna taksilerin klakson sesleri de kar\u0131\u015f\u0131nca gece yar\u0131s\u0131 \u0130stanbul aya\u011fa kalkt\u0131. Olaydan haberi olmayanlar merakland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00f6pr\u00fcden paras\u0131z ilk ge\u00e7en ki\u015fi olma onurunu Tuvan Efendi kazand\u0131. K\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc boydan boya ko\u015farak rakiplerine fark atan Tuvan Efendi, cebinde kalan bir kuru\u015fu ne yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 soranlara \u201c bir bardak buzlu su i\u00e7tim \u201c cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Bu arada baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin , tahsildarlara ait kul\u00fcbelerin g\u00fcne\u015fliklerini ve oturma mahallerini yakt\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Evet, k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131 da tarih olmu\u015f, maziye kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131… Ertesi sabah gazete okumad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in olaydan haberi olmayanlar k\u00f6pr\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131na geldikleri zaman \u015fa\u015f\u0131r\u0131p kald\u0131lar. Y\u0131llardan beri al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 tahsildarlar ortada yoktu… Kimse yollar\u0131n\u0131 kesmiyor, kimse yakalar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u201c kuru\u015f vermeden ad\u0131m atamazs\u0131n \u201c demiyor, tartaklam\u0131yordu. Daha bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nce tahsildarlar\u0131n b\u0131y\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 burup \u0130stanbullulara meydan okuduklar\u0131 yerde \u00e7ocuklar \u00e7ember \u00e7eviriyor, seyyar sat\u0131c\u0131lar buzlu limonata sat\u0131yordu. K\u00f6pr\u00fc her zamankinden ziyade kalabal\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c7ok de\u011fil, bir hafta sonra gazetelerde yer alan bir haber \u0130stanbullular\u0131n bu paras\u0131z ge\u00e7i\u015ften ba\u015fka t\u00fcrl\u00fc yararland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yorlard\u0131. Haberin ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yleydi: \u201c K\u00f6pr\u00fc deniz hamam\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fc \u201c K\u00f6pr\u00fcye gelen \u00f6zellikle gen\u00e7ler, tam ortada soyunup kendilerini Hali\u00e7in serin sular\u0131na at\u0131yorlard\u0131. K\u00f6pr\u00fcdeki deniz hamamlar\u0131na giri\u015f \u00fccreti ise 5 kuru\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ve Hali\u00e7 o y\u0131llarda bir ba\u015fka g\u00fczeldi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n H\u0130KMET\u00a0 FER\u0130DUN ES\u2019\u0130N \u0130ZLEN\u0130MLER\u0130<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n GRETA GARBO\u2019NUN \u0130STANBUL\u2019A GELD\u0130\u011e\u0130 GECE !<\/p>\n\n\n\n O d\u00f6nemin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f gazeteci- yazarlar\u0131ndan Hikmet Feridun Es, baz\u0131 meslekda\u015flar\u0131 gibi \u201c O gece \u201c yi izlemi\u015f, izlenimlerini y\u0131llar sonra Hayat Dergisinde \u015f\u00f6yle anlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c 1930 y\u0131l\u0131 May\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n son ak\u015fam\u0131 bitmek \u00fczere… Cumartesiyi Pazara, may\u0131s ay\u0131n\u0131 da Hazirana ba\u011flayan s\u0131cak bir yaz gecesi ya\u015fan\u0131yor. \u0130stanbul halk\u0131 Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn iki taraf\u0131na do\u011fru ak\u0131n etmekte…<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hen\u00fcz saat dokuz olmadan Emin\u00f6n\u00fc cihetine b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kalabal\u0131k toplanm\u0131\u015f. Ne oluyor? K\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00fcst\u00fcnde gece yar\u0131s\u0131 gelecek birisi mi kar\u015f\u0131lanacak ? Yoksa \u00e7ok defa oldu\u011fu gibi Emin\u00f6n\u00fc Meydan\u0131\u2019nda bir idam h\u00fckm\u00fc m\u00fc yerine getirilecek ? Hay\u0131r, bunlar\u0131n hi\u00e7birisi de\u011fil. Ama yine de gazeteciler – O zamanlar \u015fimdiki gibi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck makineler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u2013 sand\u0131k kadar b\u00fcy\u00fck foto\u011fraf makineleri ile bekliyorlar. Yine bug\u00fcnk\u00fc gibi otomatik fla\u015flar bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ellerinde bir tak\u0131m kocaman kocaman s\u0131r\u0131klar, bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f taraflar\u0131ndaki \u00e7anaklar\u0131n i\u00e7inde magnezyum tozlar\u0131. O m\u00fchim an gelince hemen kibritler \u00e7ak\u0131l\u0131p magnezyumlar alevlendirilecek ve \u00e7at, \u00e7at foto\u011fraflar \u00e7ekilecek. Fakat vaka nedir ? Beklenen kimdir ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nihayet birisi :<\/p>\n\n\n\n – \u0130ngiliz kral\u0131 geliyormu\u015f ! diye ortaya laf att\u0131. Lakin asl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131. Bekleyen kalabal\u0131k i\u00e7inde eli \u015fi\u015feli bir tak\u0131m insanlar da vard\u0131. Zaman zaman \u015fi\u015feler a\u011f\u0131zlara g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor, birka\u00e7 yudum i\u00e7iliyor. Herhalde gelece\u011fi umulan, m\u00fchim bir misafir daha e\u011flenceli bir ki\u015fi olsa gerek… Derken efendim bir rivayet yay\u0131ld\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n -\u0130ngiliz kral\u0131 de\u011fil, Greta Garbo geliyormu\u015f !<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0130\u015fte bu olabilir… Malum a , o zamanlar yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn en b\u00fcy\u00fck kad\u0131n \u015f\u00f6hreti Greta Garbo ! Tevekkeli \u015fi\u015feli zevat faaliyette de\u011filler! Herhalde bu ziyaretin heyecan\u0131 ile \u00e7ekiyorlard\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en g\u00fczel , en manal\u0131 kad\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6recekler, boru mu ? \u0130kide bir saate bak\u0131l\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Daha epey var\u00a0 !<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Yirmi dakika kald\u0131 !<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ben de on dokuz dakika var s\u00f6zleri ile dakikalar bile hesaplan\u0131yor, zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e heyecan art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Saatine bakan biri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Bu geceyi, bu zaman\u0131 ne vakitten beri bekliyordum. \u015e\u00fck\u00fcr bu g\u00fcnleri daha do\u011frusu bu geceyi g\u00f6sterene! Diyor. Bakal\u0131m Greta Garbo hangi cihetten boy g\u00f6sterecek ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Derken saatin akrep ile yelkovan\u0131 onikinin \u00fczerinde birle\u015fti ve bir saniye sonra kumanda verir gibi bir ses:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Mar\u015f ! Mar\u015f ! diye ba\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Kalabal\u0131k k\u00f6pr\u00fcye do\u011fru hareket etti. Herkes elini kolunu sallaya sallaya y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc. Para toplay\u0131c\u0131lar yana \u00e7ekilip yol verdiler. Y\u00fcr\u00fcyenleri k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7iriyorlard\u0131. Hem de be\u015f para vermeden ! Ve ilk defa, Evet , 1930 y\u0131l\u0131 haziran\u0131n\u0131n birinci g\u00fcn\u00fc birinci dakikas\u0131ndan itibaren \u0130stanbul\u2019un\u00a0 me\u015fhur k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131\u00a0 resmen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c Greta Garbo\u2019nun \u0130stanbul\u2019a geldi\u011fi gece \u201c diye bir s\u00f6ylenti \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan gece i\u015fte b\u00f6yle tarihi bir gece idi. Vak\u0131a Greta Garbo \u0130stanbul\u2019a gelmemi\u015fti, ama k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ilk defa paras\u0131z ge\u00e7mek de ondan az daha m\u00fchim bir \u015fey de\u011fildi. Nitekim s\u0131rf para vermeden k\u00f6pr\u00fcy\u00fc ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kalabal\u0131k k\u00f6pr\u00fcye gelmi\u015f, yasa\u011f\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 dakikay\u0131 beklemi\u015fti. Yaln\u0131z Karak\u00f6y\u2019de bulut gibi sarho\u015f bir adam fark\u0131nda olmadan bir dakika \u00f6nce y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fcp para vermeden ge\u00e7mek istemi\u015f, fakat son saniyeye kadar vazifelerini ihmal etmeyen tahsildarlar hemen yakas\u0131na yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Son bir dakika \u00f6nce k\u00f6pr\u00fcye ad\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 att\u0131n . S\u00f6k\u00fcl paray\u0131, demi\u015fler ve alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131 da !<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00d6PR\u00dc BAYRAMI YAPILMALI !<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 1930\u2019lu y\u0131llarda Milliyet Gazetesi\u2019nde k\u00f6\u015fe yazarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan \u00fcstad Burhan Felek, 1 Haziran 1930 g\u00fcnl\u00fc yaz\u0131s\u0131nda k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ilgili duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirmi\u015fti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201c Ey \u0130stanbul\u2019un k\u00f6pr\u00fc ge\u00e7meye al\u0131\u015f\u0131k halk\u0131 : Bug\u00fcnden itibaren b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u00f6pr\u00fcler sana a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Koyu kur\u015funi renkli ve bez \u00f6nl\u00fckl\u00fc tahsildarlar 40 para i\u00e7in ( 1 kuru\u015f ) yakana yap\u0131\u015fmayacak ve sen Emin\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019den Karak\u00f6y\u2019e gitmek i\u00e7in 1 kuru\u015f tedarikine mecbur olmayacaks\u0131n. Art\u0131k irili ufakl\u0131 k\u00f6pr\u00fc yolcular\u0131ndan anafor yapmak isteyenler tramvay basama\u011f\u0131na as\u0131lmak zaruretinde kalmayacak ve siz s\u0131k\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 vapura ko\u015farken cebinizde 40 para ufakl\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan para bozdurmaya ve bunun i\u00e7in vapuru ka\u00e7\u0131rmaya mecbur olmayacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Elhas\u0131l ( s\u00f6z\u00fcn k\u0131sas\u0131 ) 80 bu kadar senedir ( toplam 85 sene ) \u0130stanbul halk\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131ndan bila merhamet ( merhametsizce ) bila tecil (ertelemeden , geciktirmeden ) , hi\u00e7 bakaya ( artan, kal\u0131nt\u0131 ) kalmayarak tahsil edilen bu ayakbast\u0131 art\u0131k kalk\u0131yor ve \u0130stanbul K\u00f6pr\u00fcleri de d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer k\u00f6pr\u00fcleri gibi serbest oluyor. D\u00fcnyada para ile ge\u00e7ilen k\u00f6pr\u00fc yaln\u0131z bizde vard\u0131. Bu merakl\u0131 hususiyeti kaybetti\u011fimize hi\u00e7 m\u00fcteessir de\u011filim. \u0130stanbullular 1 Haziran tarihini her sene bir k\u00f6pr\u00fc bayram\u0131 yap\u0131p k\u00f6pr\u00fcde ziyafetler verseler yeridir ! \u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n YILBA\u015eI GECES\u0130 G\u0130B\u0130…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00fcrk Edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferli isimlerinden Mahmut Yesari de k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131n\u0131n kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gece olup bitenleri izlemi\u015f, izlenimleri Cumhuriyet Gazetesi\u2019nde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini verdi\u011fimiz di\u011fer iki yazar\u0131n aksine, olaya ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden bakan Mahmut Yesari \u015funlar\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c Onbirde r\u00fczgar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. <\/u><\/strong>Emin\u00f6n\u00fc Meydanc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131ndaki tozlar\u0131, s\u00fcpr\u00fcnt\u00fc par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck kas\u0131rgalar halinde s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Hafif ya\u011fmur \u00e7iseliyor. Birden ince, toz gibi bir yaz ya\u011fmuru serpi\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Latif bir May\u0131s gecesi…<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00f6pr\u00fc memurlar\u0131 hala ayn\u0131 ciddiyet ve ayn\u0131 hararetle el a\u00e7\u0131yorlar. Gecenin tarihili\u011fine ra\u011fmen onlarda hi\u00e7bir hareket yok. \u0130tiyat (Al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k) sinirlerine o kadar hakim. Saat onbirbu\u00e7ukta Emin\u00f6n\u00fc\u2019ndeki sol gi\u015fe y\u0131k\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u0130\u015fsiz kalan tahsildarlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 enkaz par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131p g\u00f6zlerini \u0131s\u0131t\u0131yorlar. \u015eehrayini ( Donanma ) onlar yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u00f6pr\u00fc ba\u015f\u0131nda otomobillerin \u015f\u00f6f\u00f6rleri vakti bekliyor ve ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cesur bir \u015fof\u00f6r ilerliyor, kontrol pe\u015finde ko\u015fuyor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eof\u00f6rler ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tramvay geliyor… Tramvay geliyor…<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Dayan… Haydi bas !<\/p>\n\n\n\n Fakat numara okundu mu ba\u011fr\u0131\u015fmalar ba\u015fl\u0131yor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Bas geriye !<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir\u00e7ok arabalar, otomobiller k\u00f6pr\u00fc \u00f6n\u00fcne gelince \u015fof\u00f6rler, \u015fof\u00f6r muavinleri yol kesiyorlar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Ulan 5 dakika bekle be ! Para verme !<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ne de kurnazlar\u0131 var : Arkadaki numara levhalar\u0131na ( plakalara ) ka\u011f\u0131t, \u00e7uval,, vs. sar\u0131yor \u2013 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de baz\u0131 ara\u00e7 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerinin Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fcnde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u2013 h\u0131z verip ka\u00e7\u0131yor. Etraftan s\u00fcrekli alk\u0131\u015flar…<\/p>\n\n\n\n Aras\u0131ra tahsildarlara da iltifatlar (!) var:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Avallere bak, avallere. Babalar\u0131 \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f gibi ne de kederli duruyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Saat onikiye on kala , on dakika evvel kar\u015f\u0131dan gelen Bebek \u2013 Emin\u00f6n\u00fc tramvay\u0131 gitti. Bu \u0130stanbul\u2019da k\u00f6pr\u00fcde mururiye bileti kesmeyerek kar\u015f\u0131ya ge\u00e7en ilk tramvayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n En son mururiyesini kesmi\u015f olan tramvay ise Fatih \u2013 Harbiye tramvay\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Saat oniki. Y\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131nda vapur d\u00fcd\u00fckleri \u00e7alar gibi otomobiller hep birden korna \u00e7ala \u00e7ala k\u00f6pr\u00fcden ge\u00e7iyorlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Onikiyi be\u015f gece sa\u011fdaki kulubenin sundurma dire\u011fine bir tahsildar ilk darbeyi vuruyor…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" M\u00dcJDE ! K\u00d6PR\u00dc PARASI KALDIRILDI ! Ertan \u00dcNAL Nisan 2005 \u0130stanbul\u2019da Galata K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nden ge\u00e7enlerden tam 85 y\u0131l boyunca al\u0131nan, bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde 5 paradan 1 kuru\u015fa y\u00fckselen k\u00f6pr\u00fc ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fccreti ! M\u00fcruriye ! 1 Haziran 1930 g\u00fcn\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman halk bayram sevinci ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kabal\u0131k ve hoyratl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olan\u00a0\u00a0 tahsildarlar\u0131n maziye kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 halk k\u00f6pr\u00fcde toplanarak […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":46,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[24,23,32,29,31,25,28,26,27,30],"class_list":["post-41","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-galata-koprusu-tarihcesi","tag-istanbul-kopru-gecis-ucreti","tag-istanbul-kopru-tarihi","tag-kopru-gecis-ucretleri-tarihi","tag-kopru-parasi-tarihcesi","tag-kopru-parasi-tarihi","tag-kopru-tahsildarlari","tag-mururiye-kaldirilmasi","tag-sultan-abdulmecit-kopru-yapimi","tag-sureyya-pasa-teklifi"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930.jpg",960,626,false],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930.jpg",960,626,false],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930.jpg",960,626,false],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930-600x400.jpg",600,400,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930-600x626.jpg",600,626,true],"post_slider_layout_square":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930-600x600.jpg",600,600,true],"full":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/galata-koprusu-1930.jpg",960,626,false]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=41"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41\/revisions\/47"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=41"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=41"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=41"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Burhan Felek k\u00f6pr\u00fc paras\u0131 ile ilgili d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini anlat\u0131yor<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
MAHMUT YESAR\u0130\u2019N\u0130N \u0130ZLEN\u0130MLER\u0130<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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