<\/p>\n\n\n\n
l OCAK 1929’DA\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018M\u0130LLET MEKTEPLER\u0130\u2019 A\u00c7ILMI\u015eTI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u0130R ULUS AYDINLI\u011eA KO\u015eUYOR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n ERTAN \u00dcNAL<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ocak 2001<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n CUMHURBA\u015eKANI Mustafa Kemal, l Kas\u0131m 1928 g\u00fcn\u00fc toplanan T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinde tarihi konu\u015fmalar\u0131ndan birini daha yap\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cAziz\u201d arkada\u015flar\u0131m,<\/p>\n\n\n\n Her\u015feyden evvel her inki\u015faf\u0131n yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olan meseleye temas etmek isterim. Her vas\u0131tadan evvel B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Milletine onun b\u00fct\u00fcn emeklerini k\u0131\u00ads\u0131r yapan \u00e7orak yol haricinde kolay “bir okuma-yazma anahtar\u0131 vermek laz\u0131m\u00add\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Milleti cehaletten az emekle, k\u0131s\u0131r yoldan ancak kendi g\u00fczel ve asil diline kolay uyan bir vas\u0131tayla s\u0131yr\u0131labilir. Bu okuma yazma anahtar\u0131 ancak Latin esas\u0131ndan al\u0131nan T\u00fcrk alfabesidir. Basit bir tecr\u00fcbe latin esas\u0131ndan T\u00fcrk harflerinin T\u00fcrk diline ne kadar uygun oldu\u011funu \u015fehirde,k\u00f6yde,ya\u015f\u0131 ilerlemi\u015f T\u00fcrk evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar kolay okuyup yast\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f gibi meydana \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gazi’nin konu\u015fmas\u0131ndan sonra TBMM \u201cYeni T\u00fcrk Harfleri\u201d yasas\u0131n\u0131 oybirli\u011fiyle kabul ediyor, b\u00f6ylece aylar \u00f6nce Gazi Mustafa Kemal1in \u0130stanbul Sarayburnu’nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 konu\u015fmayla a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Harf Devrimi resmen ger\u00e7ekle\u015fiyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n CEHALETLE SAVA\u015e Ulusun y\u00fczy\u0131llard\u0131r kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 Arap harflerini \u00f6\u011frenmek hem \u00e7ok zordu, hem de konu\u015fulan T\u00fcrk dilini b\u00fct\u00fcn incelikleriyle yaz\u0131 diline \u00e7evirmekte yetersiz kal\u0131yordu. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra T\u00fcrk dili9 geli\u015fme yerine Arap\u00e7a ve Fars\u00e7a\u2019dan aktar\u0131lan kelimelerle k\u0131s\u0131rla\u015fmi\u015f, kimi tutucu \u00e7evreler halk\u0131n cahil kalmas\u0131 i\u015flerine geldi\u011finden daha \u00f6nce yap\u0131lmak istenen de\u011fi\u015fikliklere de\u00a0 olanca g\u00fc\u00e7leriyle kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bunun do\u011fal bir sonucu olarak Arap dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrk dilinin \u00fczerindeki egemenli\u011fi s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, halk ayd\u0131nlanma\u00adm\u0131\u015f, cahil kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Cumhuriyet ilan edildi\u011fi s\u0131rada milli s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde ya\u015fayan 10 milyon insandan ancak y\u00fczde l0\u2019unun okur\u2014yazar olmas\u0131 bunun so\u00admut bir g\u00f6stergesiydi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Latin harflerinin kabul\u00fc konusu daha Mustafa Kemal bu devrimi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00adlamadan g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015f, d\u00f6nemin ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sert tart\u0131\u015fmalara yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Buna kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kanlar \u2018islam Birli\u011finin bozulaca\u011f\u0131\u2019, \u2018Eski Milli de\u011fer ve dini k\u00fclt\u00fcr hazinelerinin kaybolaca\u011f\u0131\u2019 endi\u015fesini ta\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. Bunlar ayn\u0131 zamanda Kurn\u2019\u0131n Latin harfleriyle yaz\u0131l\u0131p yaz\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da tart\u0131\u015fma\u00adya a\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bir “ba\u015fka g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u00f6ne s\u00fcrenler ise Latin harfleriyle ikinci (yard\u0131mc\u0131) bir alfabe olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131, halk\u0131n bu iki alfabeyi birden kullanmas\u0131n\u0131, hangisini, tercih ederse onun ge\u00e7erli k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131, ancak zora ba\u015fvurulmamas\u0131n\u0131 istiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Askeri alandaki zaferlerden sonra cehalete de sava\u015f a\u00e7an Mustafa Kemal, \u00fclkenin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu gerilikten kurtar\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla, bat\u0131 uy\u00adgarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7indeki b\u00fct\u00fcn uluslar\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortak harflerin kabul\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fart oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu alanda ilk ad\u0131m 20 May\u0131s 1928 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u201culuslar\u00adaras\u0131 rakamlar\u0131n\u201d kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin yasan\u0131n kabul\u00fcyle at\u0131ld\u0131. Daha son\u00adra O’nun iste\u011fi \u00fcrerine Maarif Vekili( Milli E\u011fitim Bakan\u0131) Mustafa Necati Bey\u2019in ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 14 ki\u015fiden olu\u015fan ‘Yeni Yaz\u0131 Komisyonu\u2019 kuruldu. D\u00f6nemin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f dil bilginlerinin de yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurul, \u00e7e\u015fitli uluslar\u0131n alfabelerini inceledikten sonra 41 sayfal\u0131k bir alfabe raporu haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Kurul, yeni harflere ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in iki proje haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunlardan biri on be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k, di\u011feri ise be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k bir ge\u00e7i\u015f d\u00f6nemini \u00f6ng\u00f6rmekteydi. Gazi, Dolmabah\u00e7e Saraya\u2019nda kendisine sunulan bu \u00f6nerileri dinle\u00addikten sonra herkesi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtan \u015fu s\u00f6yleri s\u00f6yledi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – \u201cBu i\u015f ya \u00fc\u00e7 ayda olur, ya hi\u00e7 olmaz!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00c7evresindekilerin \u015fa\u015fk\u0131n bak\u0131\u015flarla kendisine bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce devam etti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gazetelerde yar\u0131m s\u00fctun eski yaz\u0131 kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman dahi herkes bu eski yaz\u0131l\u0131 par\u00e7ay\u0131 okuyacakt\u0131r. Arada bir harp ,bir i\u00e7 buhran, bir terslik oldu mu bizim yaz\u0131 da \u00abEnver’in yaz\u0131s\u0131na d\u00f6ner ,hemen terkolunuverir. ( Harbiye Haz\u0131r\u0131 ve Ba\u015fkumandan Vekili Enver Pa\u015fa, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Arap harflerini T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye daha uygun hale getirmek i\u00e7in giri\u015fimde bulunmu\u015f, ancak bu giri\u015fim yar\u0131da kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Gazi s\u00f6zleriyle bunu kastediyordu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n 9 A\u011fustos 1928 gecesi \u0130stanbul, Sarayburnu\u2019ndan y\u00fckselen bir ses yeni devrimi halka m\u00fcjdeliyordu.\u201dG\u00fczel dilimizi ifade etmek i\u00e7in yeni T\u00fcrk harflerini kabul ediyoruz\u201d diyen Gazi, ulusuna \u015feyle sesleniyordu: \u201cYeni T\u00fcrk harflerini \u00e7abuk \u00f6\u011freniniz. B\u00fct\u00fcn millete, k\u00f6yl\u00fcye, \u00e7obana, hamala, sandalc\u0131ya \u00f6\u011fretiniz. Bunu vatanperverlik ve milliyetperverlik biliniz.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n O\u2019nun bu s\u00f6zleri, Ulusun y\u0131llard\u0131r i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu do\u011fu gelenek\u00e7ili\u011finden kurtulup, bat\u0131daki \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f medeniyetlere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr ihtilalini, yani harf devrimini m\u00fcjdeliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gazi bu konu\u015fmas\u0131ndan k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre sonra 7 ili kapsayan bir yurt gezisine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Gitti\u011fi her kentte, kara tahta ba\u015f\u0131nda halka yeni T\u00fcrk harf\u00adlerini tan\u0131t\u0131yor, halk\u0131n yeni alfabeyi \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi co\u015fku, onu \u00e7ok mutlu ediyordu. Bu mutluluk O’na b\u00fct\u00fcn yorgunlu\u011funu unutturmaktayd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eimdi s\u0131ra devrimin iyice yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, bir ba\u015fka deyi\u015f\u00adle \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda yeni T\u00fcrk harfleriyle okuma\u2014yazma seferberli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na gelmi\u015fti. Bu ama\u00e7la Milli E\u011fitim Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nca yurt d\u00fczeyinde \u201cMillet Mektepleri\u201d ya da \u201cUlus Dersaneleri” a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 24 Kas\u0131m 1928 g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131nlanan \u201cMillet Mektepleri Te\u015fkilat\u0131 Talimnamesi\u201dne g\u00f6re, yeni T\u00fcrk harfleriyle okuma-yazmay\u0131 bilmeyen ve hi\u00e7bir okula devam etmeyen 14\u201445 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki her T\u00fcrk vatanda\u015f\u0131, evinin bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lge ya da mahallede a\u00e7\u0131lacak \u2018Millet Mektebi\u2019ne devam etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc k\u0131l\u0131n\u0131\u00adyordu. 45 ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcndekilerde bu zorunluluk yoktu ama isterlerse onlar da bu okullara devam edebileceklerdi. Okulun s\u00fcresi eski harfleri bilen\u00adler i\u00e7in 2, bilmeyenler i\u00e7in 4 ay olarak \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Gazi Mustafa Kemal de Millet Mektepleri\u2019nin Ba\u015f\u00f6\u011fretmeni olmas\u0131 yolunda kendisine yap\u0131lan tek\u00adlifi kabul etmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Yine talimatnameye g\u00f6re her ailede bireylerin okuma yazma \u00f6\u011frenmesinden aile reisleri sorumlu tutulmu\u015ftu. Bunlar okula devam etmeden yeni harfleri \u00f6\u011frenmi\u015f olsa bile Millet Mektebinde s\u0131nava girecekti. Cezaevlerindeki h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler bile unutulmam\u0131\u015f, 6 aydan fazla cezaya \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131lanlara tahliyesine kadar yeni harfleri \u00f6\u011fretmemi\u015f olan cezaevi m\u00fcd\u00fcrleri hakk\u0131nda yasal i\u015flem yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 h\u00fckme ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bu haz\u0131rl\u0131klar s\u00fcr\u00fcp giderken bir yandan da alfabe ve k\u0131raat ( okuma) kitaplar\u0131 bast\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor. Gazeteler giderek daha fazla yeni harf\u00adlerle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haberlere yer veriyordu. Bas\u0131n\u0131n bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te – eski harf\u00adlerden yeni harflere ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde – ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131 zorluklar da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutulmu\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcmet yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan getirilen yeni harfli matbaa malzemelerinden g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisi al\u0131nmamas\u0131n\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Takvimler l Ocak 1929 g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterirken, Millet Mektepleri \u00e7e\u015fit\u00adli yerlerde d\u00fczenlenen t\u00f6renlerle \u00f6\u011fretime ba\u015fl\u0131yordu. \u0130stanbul’daki t\u00f6rende \u00e7e\u015fitli okullardan ilcilerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu topluluk Taksim Meydan\u0131\u2019n\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015f, Beyaz\u0131t\u2019a kadar devam eden bir y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u015eehir Bandosu \u2018Yeni Harfler Mar\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131 \u00e7alarken \u00f6\u011fren\u00adciler co\u015fkuyla s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor, \u00e7evrede biriken halk da onlar\u0131 alk\u0131\u015fl\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u00d6\u011frenciler daha sonra halk\u0131 Millet Mekteplerinde okumaya da\u00advet eden afi\u015fleri okunacak bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcslerine sararak istiklal Caddesi-Tepeba\u015f\u0131- \u015ei\u015fhane- K\u00f6pr\u00fc- Ankara Caddesi g\u00fczergah\u0131ndan Beyaz\u0131t Mey\u00addan\u0131\u2019na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f, burada yap\u0131lan konu\u015fmalardan sonra t\u00f6ren sona ermi\u015fti .<\/p>\n\n\n\n Millet Mektepleri\u2019ne ilgi \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fc. Bu okullara devam edenler aras\u0131nda kimler yoktu ki? Aksakall\u0131 dedeler, torunlar\u0131yla, nineler k\u0131zlar\u0131yla ayn\u0131 s\u0131ralarda oturuyor, yeni harfleri birlikte \u00f6\u011freniyor\u00adlard\u0131. Gazeteler bu b\u00fcy\u00fck ilgiyi, \u201cHalk, tehac\u00fcm (sald\u0131rma) \u015feklinde irfana do\u011fru ko\u015fuyor\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla vermekteydiler. \u0130lk anda yaln\u0131z \u0130s\u00adtanbul\u2019da 1208 okul a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve bu okullara devam eden 45 “bin ki\u015fi\u00adden \u00e7o\u011funu kad\u0131nlar olu\u015fturmaktayd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ulus b\u00fcy\u00fck bir susam\u0131\u015fl\u0131k i\u00e7inde ayd\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa do\u011fru ko\u015fuyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Devrimin T\u00fcrkiye’nin en \u00fccra k\u00f6\u015felerine bile yay\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u00ad\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden okulsuz k\u00f6ylere seyyar, bug\u00fcn\u00fcn deyimiyle gezici ekipler g\u00f6nderilmi\u015fti. Bunlar \u00f6zellikle do\u011fuda \u00e7etin k\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131na ra\u011fmen at, kat\u0131r s\u0131rt\u0131nda ya da k\u0131zakla ula\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 yerlere devrimi g\u00f6t\u00fc\u00adren isimsin kahramanlard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Millet Mektepleri\u2019nin ba\u015f kitab\u0131 hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz alfabeydi. Ama bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra K\u0131raat (okuma) ve Yurt bilgisi dersleri de verilmekteydi. Dersler ise, o zamanlar tatil olan Cuma g\u00fcnleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda her g\u00fcn birer saat olarak veriliyordu. Bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra bilgilerini artt\u0131rmak isteyenler i\u00e7in aritmetik, tarih bilgisi, co\u011frafya dersleri de vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Millet Mektebini bitirenlere \u201cMillet Mektebi \u015eahadetnamesi” ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan bir belge veriliyor. Ayr\u0131ca her okulun birincisine i\u00e7inde Atat\u00fcrk’\u00fcn imzal\u0131 bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 bulunan bir anayasa arma\u011fan ediliyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Millet Mektepleri’nden bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 600 bin ki\u015fi diploma ald\u0131. 1936 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen uygulama sonucu bu rakam 2,5 milyonu a\u015ft\u0131. Uygulama, gen\u00e7 Cumhuriyetin ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck \u201cOkuma-Yazma” seferberli\u011fi olarak tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n HARFLER MAR\u015eI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n ” HARFLER MAR\u015eI\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n Beste: M\u00fczik \u00d6\u011fretmeni Muzaffer Han\u0131m <\/p>\n\n\n\n Do\u011fdun ani g\u00fcne\u015f gibi xxxx<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bindokuzy\u00fczyirmisekiz Seve seve \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak<\/p>\n\n\n\n Okuyoruz, yaziyoruz<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cM\u0130LLET MEKTEPLER\u0130 M\u00dcDAV\u0130MLER\u0130NE MAHSUS KIRAAT S\u00dcTUNLARI\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u0130LLET Mektepleri\u2019nde \u00f6\u011fretim s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, devrimin en b\u00fcy\u00fck destek\u00e7isi olan gazeteler de, bu okullara devan edenlere okuma al\u0131\u015f\u00adkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kazand\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla yeni k\u00f6\u015feler a\u00e7m\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bunlardan Cumhuriyet Gazetesi\u2019nin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6\u015fe \u201cMillet Mektepleri M\u00fcdavimlerine (gidip gelenlerine,devam edenlerine) mahsus k\u0131raat ( Okuma) s\u00fctunlar\u0131” ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131 ve burada genelde f\u0131kralar yay\u0131nlan\u0131yordu,\u00a0 i\u015fte birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek;<\/p>\n\n\n\n G\u00dcVERC\u00ceN D\u0130\u015e\u0130 M\u0130YD\u0130 ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Hazreti luh’tm gemisine zeytin dal\u0131n\u0131 getiren g\u00fcvercin erkek miy\u00addi, di\u015fi mi ?<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Erkek .<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Nereden bildin ? BO\u011eAZINDAN GICIKLANIRMI\u015e<\/p>\n\n\n\n Adam\u0131n birini asmaya g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fler, tam as\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 zaman yan\u0131nda bulunan memurlara demi\u015f ki:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2014 Aman rica ederim, ipi belimden ba\u011flay\u0131n\u0131z. Bo\u011faz\u0131mdan pek g\u0131c\u0131k\u00adlan\u0131r\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n BOYNUZU NE ZAMAN \u00c7IKAR<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u015eehirli iki k\u0131z bir k\u00f6yden ge\u00e7erken kuca\u011f\u0131nda bir ke\u00e7i yavru\u00adsu g\u00f6t\u00fcren bir \u00e7obana rastgelirler. K\u0131zlar \u00e7oban\u0131 durdurup yavruyu ok\u00ad\u015famaya ba\u015flarlar. K\u0131z\u0131n biri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Aman ne g\u00fczel ne sevimli hayvan ama boynuzlar\u0131 yok deyince \u00e7oban:<\/p>\n\n\n\n – Boynuzlar\u0131 evlendikten sonra \u00e7\u0131kar cevab\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n BELK\u0130 ALTI DAHA \u0130Y\u0130D\u0130R<\/p>\n\n\n\n Bir Bekt\u00e2\u015fiye umt\u0131mi ahlak\u0131n bozuldu\u011fundan bahsederken:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u2014 B\u00f6yle giderse d\u00fcnya y\u0131k\u0131lacak alt \u00fcst olacak demi\u015fler. Bekta\u015fi de;<\/p>\n\n\n\n — Ne biliyorsunuz demi\u015f, belki alt\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnden iyi \u00e7\u0131kar!<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" l OCAK 1929’DA\u00a0\u00a0 \u2018M\u0130LLET MEKTEPLER\u0130\u2019 A\u00c7ILMI\u015eTI B\u0130R ULUS AYDINLI\u011eA KO\u015eUYOR ERTAN \u00dcNAL Ocak 2001 CUMHURBA\u015eKANI Mustafa Kemal, l Kas\u0131m 1928 g\u00fcn\u00fc toplanan T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisinde tarihi konu\u015fmalar\u0131ndan birini daha yap\u0131yordu. \u201cAziz\u201d arkada\u015flar\u0131m, Her\u015feyden evvel her inki\u015faf\u0131n yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131 olan meseleye temas etmek isterim. Her vas\u0131tadan evvel B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrk Milletine onun b\u00fct\u00fcn emeklerini k\u0131\u00ads\u0131r yapan […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":52,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_regular_price":[],"currency_symbol":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[38,41,35,36,7,33,34,37,39,40],"class_list":["post-51","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-alfabe-degisikligi","tag-egitim-seferberlig","tag-latin-alfabesi-kabulu","tag-millet-mektepleri","tag-mustafa-kemal-ataturk","tag-turk-alfabesi-devrimi","tag-turk-harf-devrimi","tag-turk-harfleri-egitimi","tag-turkiyenin-alfabe-reformu","tag-yeni-turk-alfabesi"],"post_slider_layout_featured_media_urls":{"thumbnail":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"post_slider_layout_landscape_large":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi.jpg",560,407,false],"post_slider_layout_portrait_large":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi.jpg",560,407,false],"post_slider_layout_square_large":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi.jpg",560,407,false],"post_slider_layout_landscape":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi-560x400.jpg",560,400,true],"post_slider_layout_portrait":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi.jpg",560,407,false],"post_slider_layout_square":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi.jpg",560,407,false],"full":["http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/milletmektebi.jpg",560,407,false]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=51"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51\/revisions\/53"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/52"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=51"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=51"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ertanunal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=51"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\u00a0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
GAZ\u0130 DEVR\u0130M\u0130 A\u00c7IKLIYOR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Devrimi savunan gazeteler de, ilk sayfalar\u0131nda yeni harfleri tan\u0131tmaya bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra yeni harflerle dizilmi\u015f haberlere yer vermeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131\u2022<\/p>\n\n\n\nM\u0130LLET MEKTEPLER\u0130 KURULUYOR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
A\u015eIRI \u0130LG\u0130<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
SEYYAR DERSANELER<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
G\u00fcfte: \u00d6\u011fretmen Suat Bey
Seslendirme: Osman Zeki \u00d6ng\u00f6r<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sen ey \u015firin T\u00fcrk harfleri
Faziletli b\u00fcy\u00fck Gazi
Kavu\u015fturdu bize seni<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eyl\u00fcl birde ba\u015flad\u0131k biz<\/p>\n\n\n\n
– Efendim di\u015fi olsayd\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 uzun m\u00fcddet kapal\u0131 tutamazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n